Online Gaming Regulators and Licensing Bodies

In order for online gambling to work, it is critical to develop trust among players. This is true of all casinos, of course: even in the brick-and-mortar world, customers need to know that someone is looking out for them and ensuring they aren t being cheated. But when it comes to Internet gaming, it is even more difficult for players to have confidence in the integrity of the games they play, since they can t really see how the results of each spin or hand is being determined.

That s why regulation and licensing of online gambling sites is so important. In numerous jurisdictions around the world, government bodies take on the responsibility of ensuring that all of the operators they license provide games that are fair, random, and safe for players. They also take on other responsibilities, such as helping to establish rules that ensure player funds are safe at all times.

Today, few websites even try to offer iGaming services without getting a license in at least one of these jurisdictions. Even if one manages to do so, we would never recommend playing on one, as licensed sites offer the same great gameplay with far more protection for players.

The following is a list of most of the world s major regulators for Internet gaming. We can t claim that this is an exhaustive list, and new jurisdictions are approving gambling over the web every year. However, this should give you an excellent idea as to who the major players are in the regulatory business, what they offer, and just how reputable each one is.

Because there are so many of these bodies to cover, we ve divided them up by region to help you better find the agencies you are interested in.

North America and Central America

Kahnawake Gaming Commission: Since 1999, this licensing authority which regulates gaming originating from the Mohawk Territory of Kahnawake in Quebec has been perhaps the most widely recognized names in online regulation. Compared to many regulatory groups, the KGC asks for very little in the way of taxes and fees, making this an attractive place for operators to go for a license, particularly if they aren t looking to enter locally-regulated markets. The commission is also known for taking player disputes seriously, with valid complaints frequently being upheld by officials.

Nevada Gaming Control Board: First created in 1955 by the state legislature, this board has long been the body charged with overseeing the state s extensive casino industry. Given the volume of play that they oversee, the board has become one of the most influential names in the landscape of gaming regulation, with many other groups modeling their regulatory methods after those first pioneered in Nevada. Since 2013, the NGCB has also overseen the implementation of Internet poker in the state. For now, interactive licenses issued here only allow an operator to offer poker within state borders (and within networks shared with Delaware).

New Jersey Division of Gaming Enforcement: When New Jersey began allowing resorts to flourish in Atlantic City in the 1970s, they also created the DGE, which is charged with ensuring the integrity of that industry. Much like their counterparts in Nevada, this level of experience with large-scale operations has made the DGE a model for many other regulators across the globe. Since late 2013, they have also issued licenses to Atlantic City casinos allowing them to offer gaming over the Internet, though currently they may only offer real money gambling to individuals located within New Jersey s borders.

Panama Gaming Control Board (Junta de Control de Juegos): Since 2002, Panama has been offering licenses to companies wishing to offer regulated online gambling to customers both within the country and throughout the world. With strong requirements for operators when it comes to areas like software testing and money-laundering policies, firms licensed in Panama are typically considered trustworthy by players; meanwhile, low fees and a stable government with good relations in both North and South America make this a desirable base of operations for operators as well.

Europe

UK Gambling Commission: Established by the Gambling Act of 2005, the UKGC took over from what was then called the Gaming Board for Great Britain in 2007. It regulates most forms of betting in the United Kingdom, with the exception of sports betting, which is handled separately. As part of its duties, the UKGC oversees remote betting, which includes the licensing of online gaming sites. As part of its duties, the commission also oversees remote betting, which includes the licensing of UKGC online casinos.

While a license from the UKGC has always been prestigious, such a designation has become even more important since the passage of the Gambling (Licensing and Advertising Bill). That legislation not only introduced a point-of-consumption tax for remote betting in the UK, but it also required any company that wanted to take bets from UK customers to obtain a license with the UKGC. This has been a controversial change: some companies have chosen to abandon the UK market rather than comply (as they might have to give up some of their grey market operations in order to be awarded a UK license), while the Gibraltar Betting and Gaming Association has challenged the move in court.

ARJEL (France): When France approved the regulation of Internet gambling in 2010, the country also established the Autorite de regulation des jeux en ligne, better known as ARJEL, to oversee the new industry. ARJEL now issues licenses that specifically allow companies to legally offer their web-based games in France, one of the largest betting markets in Europe.

However, ARJEL s handling of this task has been criticized by many, who say that heavy taxation has limited the scope of the industry and the ability of operators to provide competitive promotions and pricing for players. In addition, the ring-fenced regulation of France has hurt its Internet poker market, as players on licensed sites in the country cannot compete against opponents in other nations.

French online casinos remain a legal grey area with the government slow to allow operators to offer real money online casino games in the country.

AAMS (Italy): The Amministrazione Autonoma dei Monopoli di Stato, better known as AAMS, is charged with regulating online gaming services in Italy. The AAMS was the result of Italian efforts to modernize their laws in order to comply with European Commission rules that dictated how member nations should treat operators from other countries in the EU.

Today, the AAMS issues licenses for remote gaming in a number of different areas, ranging from casino games to poker, sports betting, horse racing wagering, and bingo. In order to apply for a license, companies must prove that they have managed games on a large scale in Europe, be based in an EU country, and be able to establish that they can function in a stable and secure way.

The licenses issued by the AAMS are only meant to allow for legal operation in the Italian market, which is ring-fenced and does not allow for competitive play against players outside the country. Much like neighboring France, the regime here has been criticized for its high taxes and fees, with some rates being as high as 20%.

Spanish Gaming Commission (Comision Nacional del Juego): In 2014, Spain became the latest major European nation to create a regulated online gambling market that would be self-contained, with players unable to compete or interact with international competitors. That means the Spanish Commission is relatively new to the iGaming market, but they have so far seemed supportive of growing the industry in the country.

However, like its neighbors, the segregated nature of these licenses have limited the size and scope of the sites that operate under the Commission, though there has been occasional buzz about interest in combining player pools for poker between the regulators in Spain, Italy, and France. Beyond that, this market also features high taxes on revenues, a common thread among many regulatory bodies in continental Europe.

Gibraltar Licensing Authority: In the 1990s, the isle of Gibraltar (situated just of the coast of southern Spain) became an unlikely hub for the online betting industry. Today, the Gibraltar Licensing Authority regulates companies that headquarter themselves here under the laws set in place by the Gambling Act of 2005, and a Gambling Commissioner is charged with seeing that the many major brands that operate here comply with regulations and maintain Gibraltar s reputation as a regulatory body for the industry.

More than 30 companies boast offices in Gibraltar, and it is easy to see why reputable gaming firms are happy to be headquartered here. Tax rates are extremely low, normally set at 1% with a cap on the maximum amount that must be paid each year. Additionally, licensed operators are allowed to accept players from jurisdictions around the world, though officials do have the right to block certain locations to comply with anti-money laundering efforts or for other legal or political reasons.

The fact that this jurisdiction can be seen as a tax haven for firms hasn t always sat well with regulators in other countries, and this has led to conflicts at times. For instance, many firms based in Gibraltar have sued the UKGC over their point-of-consumption tax, which would impose much higher levies on them then what they currently pay to the local government.

Gambling Supervision Commission (Isle of Man): Since 1962, the Gambling Supervision Commission has dealt with the licensing and regulation of all betting operations on the Isle of Man a role that now includes online gaming. It has chosen to regulate Internet firms in a manner similar to that of Gibraltar, offering long-term licenses and low tax rates to create a very friendly environment for operators.

However, that doesn t mean that the rules here are anti-player. Internet casino companies headquartered here are required to keep player funds in a separate account from operating cash, an important rule that all but ensures that player account balances can always be recovered even if a website fails.

This is also a popular location for operators who want to offer sites to customers around the world. The Commission does not restrict where each site owner can offer real money play, though they may occasionally ask operators for a legal explanation about why they believe they can target customers in certain markets.

Malta Gaming Authority: Located in the Mediterranean Sea, Malta is likely more often thought of by people if they think of it at all as an exotic tourism destination than as a hub for online casinos. But the Malta Gaming Authority oversees a great number of operators, all of whom are happy to take advantage of a relatively generous tax scheme, friendly local financial institutions, and the ability to use their license to take bets from virtually anywhere in the world.

If you know a bit about iGaming in Malta, you might remember that the MGA was once known as the Lotteries and Gaming Authority. The name change came about in 2015 after significant changes to the organization were made in the wake of controversies about how the LGA had handled problems at several poker and casino sites, most notably the Everleaf Network. While those incidents hurt player confidence in the LGA, Maltese authorities have worked to rebuild that trust over the past year, and the MGA remains one of the premiere regulatory bodies in Europe for firms that want to service the worldwide market.

It is now known as one of the strictest online gambling regulators worldwide. Players trust MGA casinos because they know their security is a priority and their rights are protected.

Alderney Gambling Control Commission: Established in 2000, the AGCC is yet another of the commissions based in the British Isles that have worked to attract operators to their shores with promises of a very business-friendly climate. In this case, the AGCC s pitch involves a 0% taxation rate (with only a set annual fee being collected from each company) and the ability for sites based there to target markets around the world without any restriction.

The AGCC has a generally good reputation with players, though they did receive some criticism in 2011 when they initially failed to respond to growing concerns about payment issues at Full Tilt Poker in the months after Black Friday. However, they did eventually suspend the company s operating license, a move that ultimately led to the shutdown of the site worldwide.

Jersey Gambling Commission: Jersey is the largest of the Channel Islands situated between France and England, and joined the list of islands in the region offering licensing to online gambling operations when it created the Jersey Gaming Commission in 2010. The Commission offers licenses to a variety of firms related to the industry, including operators, software providers, and testing labs. While Jersey has yet to become one of the major settings for iGaming companies to set up their operations, a favourable tax rate and a lack of restrictions on where licensed operators may offer their products could make this yet another attractive choice for those looking to set up shop in Europe.

Belgian Gambling Commission: While online betting is legal in Belgium, the Belgian Gambling Commission keeps a rather tight lid on exactly who is allowed to offer such games. This regulator has become most famous for its extensive blacklist of groups that cannot offer Internet betting in the country, a list that now includes more than 100 different websites.

Those companies that do obtain Belgian licenses can only offer their games to customers within the country on exclusive websites that are only accessible in Belgium. While high tax rates have scared off some operators, others are willing to put up with the many hoops involved in order to gain access to this small but lucrative European market.

Danish Gambling Authority: The Danish Gambling Authority (or DGA) has been accepting applications for licenses from gaming firms since 2012. Before then, all Internet wagering in the country was operated through Danske Spil, the state-sponsored company that was allowed to hold a monopoly on all betting. Today, the DGA instead allows firms that are based just about anywhere to apply for licenses to operate in Denmark.

However, only a limited number of operators have actually taken advantage of this opportunity. Danish licenses offer access only to customers based in Denmark, and the relatively substantial taxation rate of 20% on gross revenue makes it difficult for many groups to find this small market profitable.

Caribbean

Curacao Internet Gambling Association: While online gambling has existed on Curacao since 1993, the CIGA was only created in 2002 in order to directly oversee the industry. CIGA initially offered master licenses to companies interested in running iGaming sites from the island nation, though today, most new firms actually take advantage of sub licenses, which are doled out from those who hold the master licenses to third parties interested in setting up Curacao online casinos.

For the most part, this is a very operator-friendly jurisdiction. Corporate tax rates are very low (coming in at around 2%), and there are no additional gaming taxes, though master license holders charge varying fees to the companies that sub-license underneath them. In addition, there are few restrictions on where operators can offer their games, though they are expected to stay out of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

DAC (Aruba): Aruba s online gambling regulatory landscape is very similar to that of Curacao. Perhaps this shouldn t come as a surprise, as both countries were part of the Netherland Antilles not long ago. The main difference here is that the DAC is responsible for both land-based and online betting, while those arenas are governed by separate agencies in Curacao. The same restrictions apply to companies that base themselves in Aruba: the DAC will not let them market their games to the Netherlands, though they are free to offer gaming just about everywhere else in the world.

Antigua Division of Gaming: The nation of Antigua and Barbuda has an important place in the history of Internet gambling, as the nation was part of a major dispute with the United States over the structure of the industry. The nation argued that the United States was in violation of the General Agreement on Trade Services for their anti-online gambling stance, and the World Trade Organization agreed, ultimately issuing a $3.4 million claim in Antigua s favor in 2007.

Today, licenses here are issued by the Division of Gaming (which is itself organized under the Financial Services Regulatory Commission). With little taxation, no restrictions on where companies can offer their games, and a history of standing up for the industry, Antigua has become a popular home for Internet gaming operators who are looking to base themselves in the Caribbean.

PAGCOR and FCLRC (Philippines): The Philippines is the only notable nation in Asia that offers up online gambling licenses for companies to take advantage of. This has put it in a powerful position, as many operators who want to target the Asian market look to acquire a Filipino license in order to gain some clout in the region, or to draw upon talent and resources in the country. While companies that headquarter here can take advantage of extensive tax credits and can attract customers from anywhere in the world, they must agree not to target Filipino residents, and are not permitted to take bets on sporting events that are taking place in the Philippines.

There are actually two different regulators that offer licenses in this country. The Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) currently governs only land-based venues, though there have been proposals to allow it to regulate web-based gaming in the Philippines itself. Meanwhile, the First Cagayan Leisure and Resort Corporation (FCLRC) remains the only entity offering e-gaming licenses in the country, with the fees associated with those licenses varying depending on exactly what each individual applicant wants to offer.

Australia/Oceania

ACT Gambling and Racing Commission: Australia has some pretty strict rules when it comes to Internet wagering, but there are certain forms of wagering that are still allowed here provided that companies receive an appropriate license from the ACT Gambling and Racing Commission. These include racebooks and lotteries both of which can be offered to Australian customers. They also issue licenses to Aussie betting sites.

Despite relatively high taxes and fees for the industry, many of the world s largest betting brands have made sure to get a license from the Commission. The obvious reason for this is that Australians spend more on betting per capita than anyone else in the world, making this a very lucrative market for major operators.

Northern Territory Director-General of Licensing: Once known as the Northern Territory Licensing Commission, that body was abolished in 2015 and replaced by the Director-General of Licensing, which oversees the process of licensing in a number of different industries, including online betting. This regulator only oversees a limited number of games mostly lotteries that are offered in Australia and other countries, provided the other nations have not signed on to agreements that would prevent games from being offered there by Australian corporations.

Vanuatu Customs and Inland Revenue: The South Pacific island nation of Vanuatu isn t exactly a hotbed of iGaming activity, but the government here has tried to make an effort to get firms to establish themselves here. In order to attract companies, they have offered extremely low tax rates a rate of 0.1% for sportsbooks will certainly appeal to thrifty executives and reasonable fees, while also offering an impressive-sounding array of consumer protections. However, the remote location of Vanuatu has limited how many operators have based themselves here, even if the licensing body itself maintains a relatively healthy reputation.

Anti-Money Laundering Guidance for Gaming and Gambling

? As the gambling industry was replaced by online games and with the rise of these online games, it brought rich opportunities not only for players and operators but also for a crime. With the evolution of this industry and the enrichment of crimes, international AML laws, and local gambling regulations are becoming stiff.

Gambling sectors, which are adversely affected by the closure of buildings and job losses due to the corona process, continue mostly online. This brought new risks with it. Gambling Enterprises discusses whether this requires updating the money laundering and terrorist financing risk assessment.

Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing in Gaming and Gambling

Financial criminals target gaming and gambling businesses for money laundering. Gaming and Gambling can also be used to launder funds obtained from criminal activities in general. Criminals can abuse the system by hiding the link between the funds created. Gaming and gambling businesses have a responsibility to keep money laundering and terrorist financing off their businesses. All gambling companies are subject to the Proceeds of Crime Act (POCA), which also has anti-money laundering rules. The gaming and gambling industry has to comply with the directives and regulations of Moneyval, FATF, and the European Union. Also, this g aming and gambling have to have a comprehensive compliance program to prevent money laundering, thanks to this compatibility program they can be protected from potential criminal activities in businesses.

"Sanction Scanner provided professional solutions that accelerated our compliance processes with the regulations of the regulatory authorities in the gambling industry."

Carl Henriksson / Ceo at Loistokasino

The Rising Risk of Money Laundering for Money Mules

Mule Accounts are an increased risk of financial crime especially for the retail banking sector in order to facilitate crime revenues. However, this risk may be a risk not only in the retail banking sector but also in the gambling industry. Financial criminals target online scams and fraud with Mule accounts. It achieves these goals by breaking the audit of transactions and complicating any investigation by transferring illegal funds from a third party's bank mule account.

With the increase of their online games, this risk increases, and according to research, most of the money mules consist of young men. The gaming and gambling industry should also take action to increase money mules. Opening a gambling account with a minimum deposit, initially for this activity, is a red flag indicator. Moreover, Due to these risks, it became even more important for the gaming and gambling industries to perform customer identity and comprehensive funding controls during customer registration.

Risk Assessment and Risk Management

The main purpose of the risk assessment is to identify or reduce the risk sources after assessing these risks. As a result, the gaming and gambling industry can adapt to AML / OFAC compatibility programs. Many indicators are used, such as customer types used during the risk assessment and geography risks. These indicators can reduce money laundering and terrorist financing in gaming and gambling businesses. It is very important to have a risk-based approach when conducting a risk assessment. As a result of the risk assessment performed, internal policy and procedures should be implemented in the gaming and gambling industry.

When dealing with customers, the purposes of money laundering and social responsibility should also be taken into account. Regulations should be reviewed, and legal obligations should not be risked when managing risks. In the gaming and gambling industries, they should not be exposed to unnecessary and unacceptable risks for the ability to manage and comply with regulations effectively.

The Requirement of Risk-Based Approach for Gaming and Gambling Industries

An assessment of the money laundering and terrorist financing risks faced in the gaming and gambling industry should also be made, and in the light of these assessments, internal policies and procedures should be managed. A risk-based approach is required when making this assessment and management. So what is meant by a risk-based approach?

Any customer coming in the gaming and gambling industry should be screened to measure the risk level than these scans should be performed for the same customer in regular periods. Sanctions lists, PEP lists, and adverse media data are very important for organizations because these lists pose a great risk. When applying a risk-based approach, customers are individually categorized according to their risk levels, and if the customer carries a higher risk, this person will receive more AML reviews.

Regulations in the Gaming and Gambling Sector in the World

States where gambling is legal in the United States also have their own regulators. FinCen is the authority obliged to supervise the regulations here. There are two laws in the US Gambling regulations, the first is The Interstate Wire Act, and the other is The Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act.

The European Union (EU)

In the EU, the 4th and 5th Anti-Money Laundering Directives (AMLD) are a common regulation for all European countries, but each EU member country has its own regulators. EU member states are required to comply with these AML regulations.

It has its own regulations in all states and regions of Australia. Although there is no single binding regulator, Australia is the gambling jurisdiction with one of the world's strictest compatibility requirements.

Gaming and gambling are legal in Cyprus. The regulations of the gambling industry are different, and the regulations here are regulated by The National Betting Authority (NBA).

4th and 5th EU AML Directive for Gaming and Gambling Industries

In 2015, the EU Commission comply with the 4th Anti-Money Laundering Directive to help combat money laundering and terrorist financing in the EU. This directive was not perfect for the gambling industry, so it decided to extend the 5AMLD EU directive to cover the gambling industry. In general, there are applications where the purpose of these directives suggests compliance with the AML program in the financial sectors, including the game and gambling industry, such as Know Your Customer (KYC), Customer Due Diligence (CDD).

With these practices, countries comply with the directives. In the rest of our article, you can find out what these applications mean in the gaming and gambling industry. Most gambling regulators are tasked with monitoring and auditing AML compliance.

Customer Due Diligence for Gaming and Gambling

In the gaming and gambling industry, Customer Due Diligence application is used to collect information about customers and to scan and evaluate this information. After this evaluation, the customer's existing risks are determined, and an action step is taken accordingly. Customer risks can be reduced with CDD. When making a Customer Due Diligence (CDD), information such as the full name, nationality, marital status, age, and contact information of the customer is collected. Then ID is scanned so that the risks are scanned. CDD is a Know Your Customer (KYC) procedure.

CDD data should be stored for five years after the end of the business relationship with customers. Still, this period can be extended up to 10 years if the legislation deems it necessary. If these transactions also have more risky transactions or if there are more risky customers then Enhanced

Due Diligence (EDD) application is used.

Enhanced Due Diligence (EDD) for Gaming and Gambling

Enhanced Due Diligence is a Know Your Customer (KYC) procedure. It is used to detect risks that cannot be detected by the CDD and to scan more risky customers. High-risk customers can have negative consequences for the gaming and gambling industry. EDD can be used to prevent this, reduce risks, and reduce money laundering and terrorist financing in the industry. Politically Exposed Persons (PEPs), their family members, and partners are considered high-risk customers and in particular, EDD should be applied to these people. With EDD, the AML Compliance program can be complied with, and penalties can be avoided while operating a reputation can be maintained.

Sanction Scanner Solutions For Gaming and Gambling

Industries With the online gaming and gambling industry, the customer can open an account on the gaming and gambling platforms in seconds. Organizations have to comply with AML requirements while performing a quick customer account opening process to ensure customer satisfaction. With its powerful API support, Sanction Scanner automatically performs all AML control processes of organizations from customer account opening to customer money transfer transactions within seconds. Sanctions Scanner has a global database of sanctions, PEP, blocked persons, and searched lists. The database of the Sanction Scanner is updated instantly. Organizations can check their customers 24/7 in this database.

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Casino Certification

Playing casino games, in real life or online, carries a risk and is mostly about chance. And it is these two factors which people find so intoxicating and which makes them come back for more. Without risk, there would be no fun and excitement and you might as well dedicate your time to playing UNO or solitary. But there is also a huge difference between playing risky games and playing at risky casinos.

You should at any cost avoid playing in any place (real or virtual) which is not 100% safe and secure and which does not offer some sort of guarantee that your personal and financial information are stored with the highest of security measures. You should also avoid playing at any site which does not display any kind of certificate that their servers and systems have been tested for safety and randomness.

A certificate will guarantee that the applicant or operator has fulfilled and complied with a series of rules, regulations and practices which benefit the end-consumer (player) as well as any party involved in the day-to-day operations of the online casino. Some of these practices and rules cover but are not limited to paperwork for identity and ownership, financial documents, practices of integrity and competence, criminal background checks and more.

Certification bodies

There are hundreds of bodies and organizations which offer technical testing and certification procedures for many types of industries. The ones we re interested in reviewing are the ones in charge of testing systems and servers, random number generators and overall business practice of online casinos.

VeriSign

Verisign was created in 1995 which makes it roughly the same age as the oldest online casinos. With headquarters in Virginia, the company has seen a steady growth in business and revenue year after year, having surpassed the $1 billion yearly revenue mark in 2009. There are currently over 2000 people working for Verisign all over the world and the company is quoted on several stock markets.

Verisign has been leading the security certification industry for many years and it has received licenses to key cryptographic patents which were held by RSA. Verisign s business mission reads: providing trust for the Internet and Electronic Commerce through Digital Authentication services and products . That pretty much sums up what the company is all about. To date, Verisign has granted over 3 million certificates for businesses in every conceivable industry including online gambling. Verisign is by far the biggest certification organization for encryption and authentication currently on the internet.

Thawte

Thawte was created in 1995 in South Africa by Mark Shuttleworth and became the first certificate organization outside of the USA to be allowed to issue certificates to public entities. It also was the first certificate authority allowed to recognize and secure internationalized domain names. According to the latest independent survey, Thawte has already granted over 945,000 SSL and code signing certificates in over 240 countries, which help protect the identity and transactions of its users. Amongst its clients one can find online casinos which need to guarantee the security of sensitive credit and debit card data, personal information of customers and protect them from identity theft and fraud. Thawte currently controls over 40% of the worldwide SSL market. In 2000, Thawte was bought out by Verisign Inc. and together both companies have pretty much dominated the market ever since. Thawte s securing of internationalized domain names has allowed the online gambling industry to expand into multi-lingual gaming operations.

Gaming Associates

Gaming Associates is a company specializing in certification services for the online gambling industry. Gaming Associates documents regulatory requirements and applies them to internet gambling systems. All Gaming Associates consultants are accredited internationally and recognized as systems security professionals by ISO, IEC and ANSI. Gaming Associates provides an expert service for customers in need of specific technical requirements to operate in a regulated online gambling industry. Their consultants are experts with many years experience in the field and qualified to operate within most online gambling jurisdictions.

Technical Systems Testing (TST)

Technical Systems Testing was created in 1993 and has ever since provided a number of testing, certification and consulting services for online gambling companies. Their main purpose is to ensure their client and customers meet all the technical specifications and regulations set forth by their competent regulatory body. The certificate awarded by TST may also be read as TST Fair Gaming since the company is an accredited independent testing facility and serves as an impartial mediator according to ISO 9002 certified systems. Their certificates are approved and accepted by many international gambling jurisdictions.

Price Waterhouse Coopers (PWC)

Price Waterhouse Coopers provides a number of consulting and auditing services for the online gambling industry. These services include public trust assurance, secure e-gaming business practices and legal services according to each jurisdictions. The higher standards set forth by PWC enhance perception of trust and security for online casinos.

They also audit tax and financial reports as well as human resource management. They provide services as advisers and consultancy for stake-holding of public gambling companies. PWC is the biggest accountancy company in the world and offers certificates to assure that all financial transactions are constantly monitored thus guaranteeing fairness and security.

BMM is an independent and private gaming certification organization. Founded in 1981, BBM is one of the oldest such companies in the world. BMM manages over 14 offices in 13 countries which offer certification and testing services, consultancy on regulatory practices and field services to clients over the world. BMM also offers its expertise on online gambling certifications, training and education. Other fields include gambling compliance issues for developers, operators and regulators. BMM has an office in Las Vegas which handles the same issues for the North American market. BMM is recognized in over 400 different jurisdictions worldwide.

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